Which artifact is caused by reverberation resulting in multiple echoes?

Which artifact is caused by reverberation resulting in multiple echoes?

• A. Comet tail
• B. Ring-down
• C. Side lobe
• D. Reverberation

Answer: (D)

Reverberation is the phenomenon where the ultrasound pulse bounces back and forth between two strong reflectors, creating a train of echoes that are equally spaced along the beam. This repeated back-and-forth reflection produces multiple echoes, which is exactly the artifact described. Other options describe different effects—ring-down comes from resonance (often gas bubbles) and shows a rapid series of echoes in place; side lobe artifacts arise from off-axis energy; comet-tail is a tail of echoes behind a strong reflector. The defining feature here is the multiple, evenly spaced echoes caused by reverberation, so this term names the artifact.

Reverberation is the phenomenon where the ultrasound pulse bounces back and forth between two strong reflectors, creating a train of echoes that are equally spaced along the beam. This repeated back-and-forth reflection produces multiple echoes, which is exactly the artifact described. Other options describe different effects—ring-down comes from resonance (often gas bubbles) and shows a rapid series of echoes in place; side lobe artifacts arise from off-axis energy; comet-tail is a tail of echoes behind a strong reflector. The defining feature here is the multiple, evenly spaced echoes caused by reverberation, so this term names the artifact.